Lathe-chuck.



W. A. WEISS.

LATHE CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED JAN.3.1914.

Patented May 5, 1914.

a}; Inventor Attorneys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' ILLARD A. wE Iss, or NEEDLES, CALIFORNIA.

LATHE-CHUCK.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be itknown that I, WILLARD A. WEIss, a

citizen ,of the United States, residing at Needles, in the county of SanBernardino and State of California, have invented a new and usefulLathe-Chuck, of which the -followi'ng is a specification.

The present invention appertains to a lathe chuck, andaims to provide anovel and improved contrivance of that character.

It is the object of .the. present invention to provide a lathe chuck ofunique construction, which will readily receive and effectively engagework of various contours or cross sections, and work of various diam-'eters'or sizes within certain limits, the pres ent device being adaptedto supplant the ordinary face plate and lathe dog which are inprevailing use. 1

Another obj ectof-the present invention is to provide a lathe chuck ofthe nature indi- A cated, which will be safe in its use, the same nothaving any encumbering projections upon its criterion-which would beliable to catch the clothes of the operator, orother adjoining parts.

Another ob ect of the present invention is to provide a chuck of thenature specified .embodying a novel assemblage of component parts,whereby the'several parts may be readily assembled and separated forpurposes of repair, readjustment, replacement or cleaning.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a lathe chuckembodying pivoted or movably mounted jaws for dogs which are arranged tobe quicklyand con- 1 veniently opened for receiving the work,

spindle.

A still further object of the. present, in-- other work or likediameters may be read-' ily engaged to and removed from thechuck withoutthe necessity of and which are adapted to efiectively engage the workvent-ion is to provide in a lathe chuck of the nature indicated, lockingmeans for retaining the dogs or jaws at any "positions, to which theyhave been set, whereby pipes or ing the-jaws or dogs.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 3,1914. SerialNo. 810,220.

to rotatethe same with the lathe repeatedly adj ust-' Patented May 5.1914.

Itis also within the spirit of the present inventlon to provide a lathechuck of comparatively simple, durable, substantia l',com-

pact, light and inexpensive structure, which Wlll embody a minimumnumber. of movable parts, and which shall be simple, convenient,

practical and eflicient in its use.

Figure 1 is a face view of the improved chuck, portions being brokenaway. Fig. 2 is a sectional detailtaken on the line 2'-2 of Fig. 1.Fig.- 3 is a fragmental rear of back view illustrating the lockingmeans. Fig, 4 is a sectional detail taken on .the line44ofFig.1. 'Incarrying. out the present invention, the improved chuck embodies acircular back or body plate 1 having the central rearwardly projectingboss or collar 2 arranged to be threaded over the usual lathe spindle.vThe back plate'l is provided with. a marginal flange or rim 3projecting forwardly, and. provided with an annular or peripheral groove4. A face or cover plate 5 of circu- 'lar 'cbntour, is disposed in frontof the back plate 1. and rests against the rim 3'of'theback plate, theface plate 5' having amar ginal or peripheral flange orrim 6 snuglyplate. The face plate 5 is provided with acentral or concentric opening7 of suflicient diameter to receivethe various sizes of work embracingthe periphery and rim 3 of'th'e' back plate, to mount {the face platefor rotatoryor oscillatory movements upon the back to whichthe'particular size of the chucl z js adapted. As a means forassembling thetwo plates and'locking them together for oscilla tory adjustmentsrelative to each other,one

or more screws or lugs 8 are secured to the flange or rim 6 of the faceplate so as to project inwardly to be received by the groove 4 of theback plate rim, the said rim 3 being provided with one or more slots 9extending forwardly from the groove 4 to receive the lug or lugs 8. Asillustrated,a pair of diametrically opposite lugs 8 and slots 9 areprovided, although they maybe of any number or arrangement, as may bedesired. or necessary. Thus, when the face plate is applied to the backplate, the lugs 8 may pass through the slots 9 so as to be moved inalinement with the groove 4 to enter the same when the face plate isturned relative to the back plate. Stop screws 10 are threaded throughthe, peripheralportion of the back plate 1 so as toproject into thegroove 4.- in alinement with the slots 9, whereby the lugs 8 will beprevented from alining with the slots 9. Thus, the face plate is lockedto the back plate in an effective and simple manner, the stops 1(limiting the movement of the face plate in one direction, but permittingthe face plate to be swung in the other or opposite direction.

Between the face and back plates, which" are spaced apart and parallel,is disposed a pair of diametrically opposite jaws or dogs 11 fulcrumedor pivoted upon fulcrum or pivot pins 12 thrcadcdly or otherwise engagedto the back plate 1 intermediate the center and periphery of the saidback plate. The jaws or dogs 11 are formed with cooperating toothed camfaces at their inner ends, which project beyond the edge of the openingI of the face plate to receive the =work or stock. therebetween. Thejaws or dogsll are fulcrume'd intermediate their \ends to the pins orpintles 12, and the outer v" ends or arms of the dogs or jaws areprovided with open slots 14 extending radially from 'the fulcrums andreceiving pins or fingers 15threadedly or otherwise engaged to the faceplate 5. In this manner, the jaws or dogs are operatively connected tothe face plate, it being observed that the j aws or dogs are pivoted tothe back plate, in order that when the face plate is swung in the properdirection, the jaws or dogs will he swung apart at their inner orcooperating ends or arms, to permit the work or stock to be in- .sertedtherehetween.

As a means for returning the face plate and jaws or dogs to normal orinitial position, two pairs of diametrically opposite pins 16 and 17--are threadedly or otherwise secured to the face plate and back platerespectively, so as toproject within the space between the two plates,and coiled wire re being brought against the stops 10. When the faceplate is returned to initial or normal position, the cotiperatingtoothed cam, faces or ends of the jaws or dogs are adapted to swingclose together, as seen in Fig. 1.

As a means for locking the face plate at any position to which it is setor swung, the back plate 1 is provided with a rear recess or depression19 adjoining its periphery, and an eccentric. or cam 20 is disposedwithin the recess or depression 19 flush with the rear side of the backplate 1, and is provided with a tangential lever or finger piece 21.also disposed within the depression or cavity 19, the eccentric or cam20 being pivoted to the back plate by means of a pivot screw or fulcrummember 22. The eccentric 20 is so arranged, that when the face plate isswung to open the jaws or dogs, the eccentric may be frictionallyengaged to the rim or flange 6 of the face plate to lock the face plateagainst retrograde movement. Thus. when the face plate is swung toanyposition, to open the jaws or dogs a predetermined extent, theeccentric or cam 20 maybe so swung as to frictionally engage the rim ofthe face plate, to thereby lock the face plate in posi tion, to preventthe sahie from returning to initial or normal position under theinfluence of the returning springs 18.

The face plate 5 is provided with an inner annular channel or raceway 23receiving the free ends of the pins or pintles 12, to brace the sameagainst flexing, should the same be subjected to any undue or extensivestrains in the use of the chuck.

In practice, the presentchuck is intended to replace the ordinary faceplate of a lat-he, the boss-or collar 2 being readily threaded orsecured upon the lathe spindle whereby theichuck may bemade to rotatewith the spindle. The present chuck employed in connection with theusual centers for centering the work or stock, as usual. To engage thework to the chuck the face plate 5 is swung, so as to open the jaws-ordogs 11, whereby the end of-the work or stock may be readily receivedbetween the jaws or dogs and may be properly centered, the jaws or dogsgripping or engaging the work or stock after the face plate is releasedor freed. Then, when the chuck is rotated with the lathe spindle,counter-clockwise as seen in Fig. 1, the work or stock will be rotatedto be acted upon by the proper tools, the teeth of the cam faces of thedogs or jaws biting or gripping the work or stock to carry the samearound with the chuck and spindle.

In. View of the factthat the present chuck is provided with the twodiametrically opposite dogs or jaws, the chuck is capable of grippingobjects or work of non-circular cross section or'outline, as well ascircular stock, which is highly desirable.

as J I v V The jaws or dogs 11 are complet elyhoused between the faceand back plates, whereby receiving the work 40' Y manner,

, The work orstock may be readily removed fi'om the chuck, bywithdrawing it from between the jaws or dogs 11,.orv when this is notpossible,-the jaws ordogs may be opened by properly swinging thefaceplate. When the face plate is released or freed the same Wlll returnto initial or normal position'to close-the jaws or dogs, it beingevident that as the faceplate is oscillated, the pins 15 carried by thefaceplate worln'n'gwithin the slots 14 of the dogs or jaws, willcause-the dogs or j awsto swing or oscillate relative to the back plateso as to open and close within the opening 7 i of the. face platethrough which the work or stock is projected. As the aws "or dogs swingrelative to each other, the toothed cam faces thereof will beswung toand from each other, to increase or diminish theispace between the jawsfor gripp' g objects of various sizes and contours withincertain limits,it being under.- stood that the present chuck may be constructed invarious sizes, according to the size of the work to be received and heldthereby.

they present no encumbering projections or protuberances, which mightcatch. the

clothes of the operator, and furthermore, the

exterior ofthe present chuck is practically smooth and unencumbered torender the present chuck safeand convenient in :its

use. The dogs or jaws may be readily opened by rotating. the face plate,no special- -tools oriniplements being necessary, such' as wrenches, andthe like. The jaws or dogs will be opened quickly and conveniently forwhenithe faceplate is oscillated properly, and the jaws ordogswillbebrought into elfective engagement with? the work as soon as the faceplate is released, due to the fact that the springs 18 will partiallyreturn theface plate'to initial position to swing the jaws or dogsagainst the work.

When it is desired to hold the jaws or dogs 11 at any position -towhichthey are set, the eccentric orcam 20 may be swung.

with the drawing, the advantages and capabilities-of the presentinvention will be-apto. therebyparent-to those skilled in the era andneed not be further commented upon, Having thus described the invention,what is'claimed as new is.:-- 'j I m 1. In a lathe chuck, a back plateattachable to a lathe spindle. an oscillatory face plate carried by theback plate and having a central work-receiving opening, fulcrum pinscarried by the back plate, the face plate having an inner .ann'ular'channel receiving the free ends of the said pins, work engaging dog's,fulcrumed upon the said "pins, means carried by theface plateoperatively connected to the dogs to oscillate the same when thefaceplate is oscillated relative to the back plate, and yieldable meansconnect; ing'the said plates to swing the saiddogs toward each other; Iv

2. In a lathe chuck, back and face plates having overlapping rims,one-rim having a peripheral groove, the other rim having a..lug'engaging the said groove, the firstmene tioned rim having a slotleading from the said grooveto receive the lug when the plates areassembled, a removable stop carried bythe first mentioned rim adjoineing the said slot to prevent the lug from alining with-the'slot', andwork engaging dogs disposed between the said plates, pivoted to the backplateand operatively connected to the face plate. 3. ,In a lathe chuc'k,a back plate attachable to alathe spindle and-having a marginal flange,a face plate havinga central workreceiving opening and a'marginal flangeoverlapping the aforesaid flange to mount the face plate for oscillatorymovements upon the back plate, theflange of the back plate having aperipheral groove and .slots leading from the said groove to theedge'ofthe flange, lugs secured to the flange of theface plate and workingwithin the said grooveremovable stop screws threaded through theperipheral portion ofthe back plate in alinement with the said slots andprojecting in the said; groove, and work-engagingdogs disposed betweenthe two plates, j'pivotedtothe back plate, and operatively connected'tothe faceplate. t j Insa lathe chuck, backand face plates, the-backplatebeing attachable-to a lathe spindle, the face plate having a centralwork-receivm-g opening, onef-of the plates having-a rim overlapping theperiphery of the other] to mountlthe faceplate for oscillator'y'movements relative to the back.plate, and an eccentric pivoted-totheother plate andcooperable with thesaid rim to friction-ally engagethe same, and work-engaging dogs disposed-between the two plates,pivoted to the backplate, and operatively connected to the face plate.

' 5. In a lathe chuck, aback plate attachable to alathe spindle, .a faceplate having a central work-remixing opening and having a marginalflange overlapping the periphery of the back plate to mount the faceplate for oscillatory movements thereon, .vorli'engag ing dog'sdisposed, between the two plates, pivoted to the back plate andoperatively connected to the'face plate, the back plate having a reardepression adjoining its periphery, and an eccentric pivoted Within the10 said depression and cooperating with the memee said flange totrictionallv engage the same for locking theface plate against.retrograde movement when the dogs are opened in testimony that I claimthe foregoing as 1n the presence of two Witnesses.

ILLARD A. WEISS. J/itnesses: FREMONT D. SMITH,

GEORGE R. WILSON.

{ my awn, I have" hereto aflixed my signature 15 l

